General concept of safety when using electricity
Electricity can cause serious harm to people and damage to property if a fire occurs. Let’s learn the general concept of electricity
What is electrical safety?
Electrical safety is a system of organizational measures and technical means to prevent harmful and dangerous impacts on people from electric currents, electric arcs, electromagnetic and electrostatic fields.
All electrical systems have the potential to cause harm, electricity can be dynamic or dynamic. For electrodynamics, electrons will move through a wire through a wire made of metal material. Static electricity is the accumulation of electricity on a surface due to contact or friction.
What is electric shock?
Electric shock is the phenomenon of electric current flowing through the human body, causing physical and physiological damage. This concept is described when there is a fault of electric current flowing through the body causing general numbness and if the current is strong enough, it can cause death on the spot.
Effects of electric shock
The consequences of electric shock are extremely dangerous for humans when exposed to the object causing physiological and even life-threatening effects.
Physiological effects
Depending on the level of current, it will directly affect human physiology, not to mention life here. Many cases cause unstable nervous system, physiological imbalance, circulatory disorders, memory loss and especially infertility.
Danger to life
If a strong current is passed through, it will cause muscle convulsions, especially lung, heart muscle and can stop the whole respiratory system, circulatory system, not to mention injury from electric shock. from above
The case is not fatal but can cause a lot of damage to the body such as burning the contact parts in addition, paralysis of the neuromuscular system, directly affecting the respiratory organs.
Cause of electric shock
Electric shock accidents are caused by many factors including:
- Damaged household electrical appliances or tools
- Power cords are worn, damaged, or come off due to prolonged use.
- Electrical equipment is exposed to water resulting in electric leakage.
- Damaged or incorrect wiring in the home
- The power cord is down but the power has not been cut off
- Lightning strike
Factors affecting the degree of electric shock on the body
Depending on the amperage, time or parts exposed to the current, the consequences of numbness on the body are also different, specifically as follows:
Current passing through
Amperage will depend on the power loaded on the phase, here for single-phase 110V, 2-phase 220V and 3-phase 380V, the larger the contact voltage, the same degree of magnitude. the higher the danger.
Electrical exposure time
The longer the contact time, the more the current will reduce the resistance on the person, then it will run all over the body, if the current is high, it will directly affect the first body in contact. then to the respiratory organs…
The path of electric current through the body
The rate of electric shock also depends on the path of the body, such as the point of contact between Hands – Feet – Whole Body
In addition, the transmission line also depends on the contact material such as cream copper aluminum metal or water solvent …
Electrical safety principles
Here are some electrical safety principles that everyone needs to follow:
- Make sure workers know how to operate the machine before using it
- The plug cord must be long enough, the socket locations must have enough load, and too many plugs should not be used in the same socket
- Neatly arrange power lines to prevent accidents and limit the risk of electric shock
- Stop using electricity when detecting leakage or damage
- Electrical appliances and sockets need to be installed above 1m above the ground to avoid contact with children
- Do not use drones or fly kites near power lines
- Absolutely do not use poor quality electrical equipment and wires
- Wear footwear, protective gear, and insulating equipment when carrying out repairs and maintenance
Safety measures when using electricity
To properly comply with electrical safety standards, you need to meet the following 7 measures:
Install the switchgear properly
One of the first electrical safety requirements that must be mentioned is the installation of a switching device when there is a breakdown, electric fire or electric shock
Note that the installation process must be technically correct, requiring each device to install an Aptomat at the end of the main power cord. Normally the switchgear is installed on single phase wire but it is best to install on both phase line and neutral line
Keep a safe distance from the power source
Absolutely do not touch power supply equipment such as sockets, circuit breakers, fuses and these parts need to be installed with protective caps, insulating parts. When using hand-held power tools such as drills, grinders, gloves or workwear must be worn to limit the risk of electrical leakage through the equipment.
Avoid using electrical equipment while it is charging
A lot of users today have the habit of using the phone while charging the battery, this is an extremely dangerous warning if anyone touches the charging device, not to mention the consequences of phone explosion.
Use good quality electrical equipment
Electrical equipment, including: Wires, sockets, plugs, braces, etc., should be used with the highest quality and highest quality, first to increase the service life and then to ensure the safety of the user.
Full protective equipment when performing repairs
For workers or repair and maintenance workers, it is necessary to comply with electrical safety standards in terms of protective gear, climbing equipment, equipped with the following specialized knowledge about the electrical industry…
Periodic warranty of electrical equipment
The general operating principle of all household electrical appliances is to use the heating wire to heat it directly or to paste it further. If the product is not of the right quality or improperly installed, it will be very dangerous. Need to regularly check and replace the equipment if you feel
When checking the electrical system
In the process of using electricity, it is necessary to regularly check the lines, switching devices such as circuit breakers, fuses, switches or sockets … Besides, it is best to disconnect the power to the equipment when in use to prevent Explosion
In case the power cord is broken or the protective layer is peeling off, it should be replaced and repaired quickly
Ensuring electrical safety is one of the required requirements during construction, repair or use, you must fully comply with the above principles to avoid possible risks.